Vieillard's Kentia Palm
Burretiokentia Vieillardii • Tiger Palm
Vieillard's Kentia Palm in Motion
The Essence
"Burretiokentia vieillardii is the widespread member of a genus of five palms endemic to New Caledonia — the other four are only locally distributed. Genera Palmarum describes it as widely distributed from south-east to north-east New Caledonia, and calls it one of the most common palms in New Caledonia; Palmpedia adds that it is widespread throughout the mainland, occurring "from one end of the island to the other, seemingly wherever one enters the forest", often forming large, gregarious populations. Good places to see it include Col des Roussettes between Bourail and Houaïlou, and Mt. Aoupinié, where it forms large stands. It is a solitary, unarmed, monoecious palm of 10–20 m with glossy, prominently ringed stems and a well-developed crownshaft, whose covering Hodel describes as reddish brown or dark brown to glossy copper-coloured and which carries the striking "pin stripe" striations the palm is known for. That colouring distinguishes it from its closest relative B. hapala, which has a pale brown to whitish crownshaft covering and, in flower, an inflorescence densely coated in short pale brown hairs that gives it a fuzzy look. Palmpedia reports that it fruits year-round while the other species are seasonal. No uses are recorded. It remains rare in cultivation, and the crownshaft pin stripes are difficult to maintain there."
The genus honours German palm botanist Karl Ewald Maximilian Burret (1883–1964), combining his name with the generic name Kentia — itself named for William Kent (1779–1827), one-time curator of the botanic gardens at Buitenzorg, Java (now Kebun Raya Bogor). The epithet comes from the basionym Kentia vieillardii Brongn. & Gris and refers to Eugène Vieillard (1819–1896), a French physician and botanist who was employed as a surgeon with the merchant navy and afterwards spent a number of years on botanical investigations in New Caledonia, publishing "Étude sur les palmiers de la Nouvelle-Calédonie" (1873); more than 35 botanical species bear his name. The current combination was published by Pichi Sermolli in Webbia 11: 124 (1955).
Donald Hodel's account of the genus in PALMS 67(4): 196–201 (2023) was the second of four articles commissioned to highlight the palm diversity of New Caledonia, the destination for the IPS Biennial in 2024. It opens by suggesting that if the quintessential New Caledonia palm existed, there is a pretty good chance that it is a Burretiokentia.
Natural Habitat
Rain forest on slopes and gallery forest at 400–1300 m elevation, on more or less deep soil over ultramafic (serpentine) and sedimentary shale or schistose substrates; Genera Palmarum gives moist forest on serpentine or schists, and POWO places the species in the wet tropical biome. Jungle Music notes it grows at altitudes of almost 4,000 feet.
Curated Specimens

Botanical specimen of Burretiokentia Vieillardii.

Botanical specimen of Burretiokentia Vieillardii.

Botanical specimen of Burretiokentia Vieillardii.

Botanical specimen of Burretiokentia Vieillardii.

Botanical specimen of Burretiokentia Vieillardii.
Biology & Morphology
"Solitary, unarmed, monoecious pinnate palm 10–20 m tall, its 10–18 cm trunk marked by conspicuous ring-like leaf scars and often bearing adventitious roots at the base, carrying 8–12 erect light green leaves 1.5–2.5 m long on short 4–20 cm petioles above a crownshaft of 40–100 cm sheaths with a more or less dense brown to greyish brown tomentum, with infrafoliar inflorescences 40–70 cm long borne 2–5 at a time and flowers in triads of two male and one female, and ellipsoid to more or less globose fruit about 2 × 1 cm (reported purple when ripe by Palmpedia, dark red by Palms For California, and green becoming red at maturity in the Genera Palmarum genus account)."
Morphology
Symmetrical columnar trunk with characteristic leaf-scar patterning and lignified outer cortex.
Adventitious root system spreading radially to maximize hydraulic intake in competitive soil matrices.
Distinctive unknown habit and medium stature providing a unique architectural profile.
Foliage
Vibrant green canopy featuring characteristic frond architecture optimized for photon interception and transpiration efficiency.
Specialized green tissues exhibiting moderate metabolic expansion rates.
Reproduction
Complex inflorescence branching typical of the Burretiokentia clade, exhibiting seasonal reproductive synchrony.
Nutrient-dense drupes encased in a fibrous pericarp, optimized for protection and dispersal.
Dormant embryonic tissues with high endosperm density, characteristic of resilient Burretiokentia specimens.
Ecology
Active rhizosphere communication with mycorrhizal fungal networks, enhancing phosphorus and micronutrient uptake.
Interlocked with Pacific avian and entomological vectors adapted to island ecosystems.
Gravity-mediated and animal-vectored dispersal mechanisms ensuring regional genetic distribution.
Germination & Propagation
Germination Timeline
Hydration soak.
Incubation in moist media.
Sprout emergence.
Germination is adjacent-ligular with a bifid eophyll (a genus character from Genera Palmarum). Seedlings want heavy shade, ample water and humidity, and Palms For California rates the palm very slow-growing as a seedling.
Cultivation & Care
Light
Full sun when mature, but seedlings require quite heavy shade; in California, filtered to partial sun is recommended.
Water
Consistently moist soil; drought tolerance is poor and seedlings need ample water and humidity. As with all New Caledonian species, ample water is considered crucial.
Soil
Rich, moist, well-draining soil. Palms For California lists it as acidic, while a South Queensland grower quoted on Palmpedia found it wants a rather alkaline soil — the hobbyist advice is contradictory. In habitat it grows on ultramafic (serpentine) and schistose or sedimentary substrates.
Rare Palm Seeds states it prefers a tropical or frost-free subtropical climate and gives its frost tolerance as none. Palms For California gives a minimum temperature of about 31 °F (roughly −0.5 °C) and rates it a marginal, very slow palm there, cold-sensitive when young, though several plants have been grown to flowering and fruiting size in that state. Palmpedia records that it proved rather difficult to grow in South Queensland.
Pests, Diseases & Care
Pests
Brontispa longissima (Coconut Leaf Beetle)
HIGHBrowning and drying of young fronds; high impact on tropical palms.
Biological control using parasitic wasps (Tetrastichus brontispae).
Promecotheca caerulipennis (Fiji Leafminer)
MODERATEBlistering of leaflets leading to significant photosynthetic loss.
Augmentation of native hymenopteran parasitoids.
Diseases
Phytophthora palmivora (Bud Rot)
CRITICALNecrosis of the spear leaf and decay of the meristem.
Fosetyl-Al application and optimizing canopy ventilation.
Colletotrichum spp. (Anthracnose)
MODERATEBlack necrotic spots on leaflets under high humidity.
Copper-based fungicides and reduction of overhead irrigation.
Nutritional Deficiencies
Interveinal chlorosis (Younger fronds)
Chelated Fe-EDDHA Soil Pulse
Marginal chlorosis (Older fronds)
Mg-Sulfate (Kieserite) saturation
Frizzletop / Distorted spear
Systemic Mn-Sulfate application
Care Tips
Biosurveillance pulse synchronized for Oceania regional vectors.
Apply prophylactic fungicidal drench in the nocturnal phase.
Improve canopy ventilation to disrupt fungal sporulation cycles.
Sources & Conservation
Curated- Burretiokentia vieillardii (Brongn. & Gris) Pic.Serm. — Plants of the World Online, Kew · accessed 2026-09
- Burretiokentia Pic.Serm. — PALMweb (Genera Palmarum 2008 genus treatment) · accessed 2026-09
- Burretiokentia vieillardii — PALMweb species page · accessed 2026-09
- Burretiokentia vieillardii — Palmpedia, Palm Grower's Guide · accessed 2026-09
- Burretiokentia vieillardii — Palms For California (Geoff Stein) · accessed 2026-09
- Hodel, D.R. 2023. Burretiokentia. PALMS 67(4): 196–201 (palms.org PDF, archived copy — the live URL now returns 404) · accessed 2026-09
- Amice, R. et al. 2017. Burretiokentia vieillardii. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T38461A115777392 · accessed 2026-09
- Burretiokentia vieillardii — GBIF (taxon 2732654; IUCN category endpoint returns LEAST_CONCERN) · accessed 2026-09
- Burretiokentia — Wikipedia · accessed 2026-09
- Eugène Vieillard — Wikipedia · accessed 2026-09
- Burretiokentia vieillardii – Vieillard's Kentia Palm — Rare Palm Seeds · accessed 2026-09
- Burretiokentia vieillardii, the Tiger Palm — Jungle Music Palms & Cycads (Phil Bergman) · accessed 2026-09